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Vedha Muthu Mukandar
Vedha Muthu Mukandar (died 6 December 1855), (also known as Velu Muthu Mukandar), was the first Protestant Christian in the ''Megnanapuram Circle''. He was a Hindu who converted to Christianity through the influence of missionary, the Rev. C. T. E. Rhenius. Vedha Muthu is buried at St Stephen’s Church, Jebagnanapuram, Solaikudiyiruppu.
Vedha Muthu Mukandar was born into the Nadar caste in Solaikudiriruppu, an oasis village in the Kudhremozhi Theri, part of the Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu state, and close to Korkai, the site of the capital of the ancient Pandyan Kingdom.〔Colonel Yule, Concerning the City of Cail, II, 30〕 He became a ''Mukandar'' of Megnanapuram village, through his apparent prophetic intuition, and wisdom in solving disputes, an ancient title originally bestowed by Arab rulers of the Vijayanagar Empire.〔Jaffur Shurreef, Dr G A Herklots, Qanoon-E-Islam - ''Customs of the Mussulmans of India'', Second Edition, 1863, 296 pages, Madras, J Higginbothams, p. 190〕
==Conversion to Christianity==
The conversion of Vedha Muthu has an historical perspective.〔Robert L. Hardgrave, Jr.(1969) ''The Nadars of Tamilnad; the political culture of a community in change''. British records from 1800 British records to 1968〕 Before British supremacy was established in the region it had been part of the Vijayanagara Empire, whose appointed ''Nayaks'', (governors), had restricted the life of the members of Vedha Muthu's Nadar caste, regardless of status, and denied them access to the Thiruchendur Murugan Temple.〔S S Kavitha “Unique in its own way - NAMMA MADURAI Mottai Vinayagar is popular and powerful”, ''Metro Plus Madurai, The Hindu'', 4 August 2007, ()〕〔A Ganesan & S Ramchandran, Researchers, South Indian Social History Research Institute, Chennai, “Tamil Nadars”, ''Deccan Herald'', 1 March 2007〕 Consequently, many Nadar's considered the arrival of the British as an opportunity to remove this discrimination, and had become receptive to Christianity.〔Stephen Neill; Eleanor M Jackson, ''Dr., God's apprentice: the autobiography of Stephen Neill'', 1991, 349 pages, Hodder & Stoughton, London, ISBN 0-340-54490-2, p.p. 82-83〕
In 1823, after performing Christian conversions at Sathankulam, the Rev. C T E Rhenius, (the first Church Mission Society missionary in India), visited Solaikudiyiruppu. Through the encouragement and preaching of Rhenius, Vedha Muthu converted and was baptised with the new name, ''Velu Muthu'', becoming the village's first Protestant Christian. Rhenius converted many in Solaikudiyiruppu, and by 1825 had persuaded Vedha Muthu and his fellow converts to build a church. After the mysterious death of the Nadar Christians' leader Chinnamuth Sundaranandam David,〔Robert Eric Frykenberg & Alaine M. Low, ''Christians and missionaries in India'' edited by Robert Eric Frykenberg. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company (1 February 2003) Paperback: 432 pages, ISBN 0-8028-3956-8 & ISBN 978-0-8028-3956-5 p. 51〕 Rev. Rhenius looked for another〔Norman Etherington, ''Missions and Empire'', Oxford University Press, USA; illustrated edition (20 October 2005), 352 pages, ISBN 0-19-925347-1 & ISBN 978-0-19-925347-0 p. 113〕 to share missionary work, and turned to Vedha Muthu to take the place of Sundaranandam David, whereupon Vedha Muthu joined an initiative to establish a Christian satellite village at Neduvillai. In 1830, Neduvillai's name was changed to ''Megnanapuram'', meaning a "Place of True Wisdom".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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